ΕΥΔΟΞΑ ΑΓΝΩΣΤΑ ΚΑΤΑΓΕΛΑΣΤΑ
ψυχή, ἡ: soul, life
ψύχωσις: life-giving/generating
ψυχοανακάλυπτος: soul-baring, revealing
ψυχοκλέπτης: soul-thief
ψυχοκτόνος:soul-killing
ψυχοπλανής: soul-wandering
ψυχοπότης: soul drinker (drinking of life, i.e. blood)
ψῦχος, τό: cold
ψυχρία: cold
ψυχοκρασία: growing cold
ψυχολογία: frigid talking
ψυχροποιός: making cold
ψυχροπότης: cold drinker (one who drinks cold water)
ψυχρόσαρκος: with cold flesh
Homer, Il. 3.222-3
“Yet, then a great voice came from his chest And [Odysseus’] words were like snowy storms”
ἀλλ’ ὅτε δὴ ὄπα τε μεγάλην ἐκ στήθεος εἵη καὶ ἔπεα νιφάδεσσιν ἐοικότα χειμερίῃσιν,
Quintilian, 12.10.64-65
“Homer said that speech pours forth from Nestor’s lips sweeter than honey—no greater pleasure can be formed than this. But when he is about to demonstrate the greatest ability and power in Ulysses, he grants him a voice, the strength of speech “like a winter blizzard” in its force and abundance of words.
Because of this, no mortal will compete with him and men gaze at him as a god. This is the force and speed Eupolis admioes in Pericles, this force Aristophanes compares to thunderbotls. This is truly the power of speaking.”
et ex ore Nestoris dixit dulciorem melle profluere sermonem, qua certe delectatione nihil fingi maius potest: sed summam expressurus in Ulixe facundiam et magnitudinem illi vocis et vim orationis nivibus 〈hibernis〉 copia [verborum] atque impetu parem tribuit. Cum hoc igitur nemo mortalium contendet, hunc ut deum homines intuebuntur. Hanc vim et celeritatem in Pericle miratur Eupolis, hanc fulminibus Aristophanes comparat, haec est vere dicendi facultas.
Thucydides 4.103
“It was winter and it was snowing”
χειμὼν δὲ ἦν καὶ ὑπένειφεν…
Hermippus 37 (Athenaeus 650e)
“Have you ever seen a pomegranate seed in drifts of snow?”
ἤδη τεθέασαι κόκκον ἐν χιόνι ῥόας;
Pindar, Pythian 1. 20
“Snowy Aetna, perennial nurse of bitter snow”
νιφόεσσ᾿ Αἴτνα, πάνετες χιόνος ὀξείας τιθήνα
Plutarch, Moralia 340e
“Nations covered in depths of snow”
καὶ βάθεσι χιόνων κατακεχωσμένα ἔθνη
Herodotus, Histories 4.31
“Above this land, snow always falls…
τὰ κατύπερθε ταύτης τῆς χώρης αἰεὶ νίφεται
Diodorus Siculus, 14.28
“Because of the mass of snow that was constantly falling, all their weapons were covered and their bodies froze in the chill in the air. Thanks to the extremity of their troubles, they were sleepless through the whole night”
διὰ γὰρ τὸ πλῆθος τῆς κατὰ τὸ συνεχὲς ἐκχεομένης χιόνος τά τε ὅπλα πάντα συνεκαλύφθη καὶ τὰ σώματα διὰ τὸν ἀπὸ τῆς αἰθρίας πάγον περιεψύχετο. διὰ δὲ τὴν ὑπερβολὴν τῶν κακῶν ὅλην τὴν νύκτα διηγρύπνουν·
Ammianus Marcellinus, History V. V. Gratianus 27.9
“He will tolerate sun and snow, frost and thirst, and long watches.”
solem nivesque et pruinas et sitim perferet et vigilias
Basil, Letter 48
“We have been snowed in by such a volume of snow that we have been buried in our own homes and taking shelter in our holes for two months already”
καὶ γὰρ τοσούτῳ πλήθει χιόνων κατενίφημεν, ὡς αὐτοῖς οἴκοις καταχωσθέντας δύο μῆνας ἤδη ταῖς καταδύσεσιν ἐμφωλεύειν.
Livy, 10.46
“The snow now covered everything and it was no longer possible to stay outside…”
Nives iam omnia oppleverant nec durari extra tecta poterat
Plautus, Stichus 648
“The day is melting like snow…”
quasi nix tabescit dies.
Seneca, De Beneficiis 4
“I will go to dinner just as I promised, even if it is cold. But I certainly will not if it begins to snow.”
Ad cenam, quia promisi, ibo, etiam si frigus erit; non quidem, si nives cadent.
Alciphron, Letters of Parasites 3.40
“I had never before endured a storm like this in Attica. The winds came blowing in from every angle, striking more like series of attacks rather than one onslaught. The snow was already thick and piling in drifts, first covering the ground and then rising so high that it made a blanket so deep that it was barely possible to open the door and look into the street. I didn’t have enough wood or a wool cloak. How could I? Where would I get them? The sharp cold was seeping into my marrow and my bones. So, I made myself an Odyssean plan to run to the bath chambers or their ovens.”
Οὐπώποτε ἐγὼ κατὰ τὴν Ἀττικὴν ὑπέμεινα τοιοῦτον χειμῶνα. οὐ γὰρ μόνον ἐκ παραλλήλου φυσῶντες, μᾶλλον δὲ σύρδην φερόμενοι κατεκτύπουν ἡμῶν οἱ ἄνεμοι, ἀλλ᾿ ἤδη καὶ χιὼν πυκνὴ καὶ ἐπάλληλος φερομένη πρῶτον μὲν τοὔδαφος ἐκάλυπτεν, ἔπειτα οὐκ ἐπιπολῆς ἀλλ᾿ εἰς ὕψος ᾔρετο τῆς νιφάδος χῦμα πάμπολυ, ὡς ἀγαπητὸν εἶναι τὸ θύριον ἀνοίξαντα τῆς οἰκίας τὸν στενωπὸν ἰδεῖν. ἐμοὶ δὲ οὔτε ξύλον οὔτε ἄβολος παρῆν. πῶς γὰρ ἢ πόθεν; ὁ κρυμὸς δὲ εἰσεδύετο λεπτὸς μέχρι μυελῶν αὐτῶν καὶ ὀστέων. ἐβουλευσάμην οὖν Ὀδύσσειον βούλευμα δραμεῖν εἰς τὰς θόλους ἢ τὰς καμίνους τῶν βαλανείων.
ψυχή, ἡ: soul, life
ψύχωσις: life-giving/generating
ψυχοανακάλυπτος: soul-baring, revealing
ψυχοκλέπτης: soul-thief
ψυχοκτόνος:soul-killing
ψυχοπλανής: soul-wandering
ψυχοπότης: soul drinker (drinking of life, i.e. blood)
ψῦχος, τό: cold
ψυχρία: cold
ψυχοκρασία: growing cold
ψυχολογία: frigid talking
ψυχροποιός: making cold
ψυχροπότης: cold drinker (one who drinks cold water)
ψυχρόσαρκος: with cold flesh
Homer, Il. 3.222-3
“Yet, then a great voice came from his chest And [Odysseus’] words were like snowy storms”
ἀλλ’ ὅτε δὴ ὄπα τε μεγάλην ἐκ στήθεος εἵη καὶ ἔπεα νιφάδεσσιν ἐοικότα χειμερίῃσιν,
Quintilian, 12.10.64-65
“Homer said that speech pours forth from Nestor’s lips sweeter than honey—no greater pleasure can be formed than this. But when he is about to demonstrate the greatest ability and power in Ulysses, he grants him a voice, the strength of speech “like a winter blizzard” in its force and abundance of words.
Because of this, no mortal will compete with him and men gaze at him as a god. This is the force and speed Eupolis admioes in Pericles, this force Aristophanes compares to thunderbotls. This is truly the power of speaking.”
et ex ore Nestoris dixit dulciorem melle profluere sermonem, qua certe delectatione nihil fingi maius potest: sed summam expressurus in Ulixe facundiam et magnitudinem illi vocis et vim orationis nivibus 〈hibernis〉 copia [verborum] atque impetu parem tribuit. Cum hoc igitur nemo mortalium contendet, hunc ut deum homines intuebuntur. Hanc vim et celeritatem in Pericle miratur Eupolis, hanc fulminibus Aristophanes comparat, haec est vere dicendi facultas.
Thucydides 4.103
“It was winter and it was snowing”
χειμὼν δὲ ἦν καὶ ὑπένειφεν…
Hermippus 37 (Athenaeus 650e)
“Have you ever seen a pomegranate seed in drifts of snow?”
ἤδη τεθέασαι κόκκον ἐν χιόνι ῥόας;
Pindar, Pythian 1. 20
“Snowy Aetna, perennial nurse of bitter snow”
νιφόεσσ᾿ Αἴτνα, πάνετες χιόνος ὀξείας τιθήνα
Plutarch, Moralia 340e
“Nations covered in depths of snow”
καὶ βάθεσι χιόνων κατακεχωσμένα ἔθνη
Herodotus, Histories 4.31
“Above this land, snow always falls…
τὰ κατύπερθε ταύτης τῆς χώρης αἰεὶ νίφεται
Diodorus Siculus, 14.28
“Because of the mass of snow that was constantly falling, all their weapons were covered and their bodies froze in the chill in the air. Thanks to the extremity of their troubles, they were sleepless through the whole night”
διὰ γὰρ τὸ πλῆθος τῆς κατὰ τὸ συνεχὲς ἐκχεομένης χιόνος τά τε ὅπλα πάντα συνεκαλύφθη καὶ τὰ σώματα διὰ τὸν ἀπὸ τῆς αἰθρίας πάγον περιεψύχετο. διὰ δὲ τὴν ὑπερβολὴν τῶν κακῶν ὅλην τὴν νύκτα διηγρύπνουν·
Ammianus Marcellinus, History V. V. Gratianus 27.9
“He will tolerate sun and snow, frost and thirst, and long watches.”
solem nivesque et pruinas et sitim perferet et vigilias
Basil, Letter 48
“We have been snowed in by such a volume of snow that we have been buried in our own homes and taking shelter in our holes for two months already”
καὶ γὰρ τοσούτῳ πλήθει χιόνων κατενίφημεν, ὡς αὐτοῖς οἴκοις καταχωσθέντας δύο μῆνας ἤδη ταῖς καταδύσεσιν ἐμφωλεύειν.
Livy, 10.46
“The snow now covered everything and it was no longer possible to stay outside…”
Nives iam omnia oppleverant nec durari extra tecta poterat
Plautus, Stichus 648
“The day is melting like snow…”
quasi nix tabescit dies.
Seneca, De Beneficiis 4
“I will go to dinner just as I promised, even if it is cold. But I certainly will not if it begins to snow.”
Ad cenam, quia promisi, ibo, etiam si frigus erit; non quidem, si nives cadent.
Hesiod, Works & Days, 547-558.
Early mornings, from starry sky right down to land,
Mist, good for wheat, stretches across rich people’s fields.
It draws from the always-flowing rivers;
It rises high above the land on gusts of wind,
Sometimes making for evening rain,
Sometimes blowing as a thick mass of clouds
When the Thracian North Wind rushes pell mell.
Finish your work and get home before this,
Or the black cloud from the sky will enfold you,
Wetting your skin and drenching your clothes.
That’s to be avoided.
This is the hardest phase of the moon, winter.
Hard for cattle and hard for men too.
ψυχρὴ γάρ τʼ ἠὼς πέλεται Βορέαο πεσόντος
ἠώιος δʼ ἐπὶ γαῖαν ἀπʼ οὐρανοῦ ἀστερόεντος
ἀὴρ πυροφόρος τέταται μακάρων ἐπὶ ἔργοις·
ὅστε ἀρυσάμενος ποταμῶν ἄπο αἰεναόντων,
ὑψοῦ ὑπὲρ γαίης ἀρθεὶς ἀνέμοιο θυέλλῃ
ἄλλοτε μέν θʼ ὕει ποτὶ ἕσπερον, ἄλλοτʼ ἄησι
πυκνὰ Θρηικίου Βορέου νέφεα κλονέοντος.
τὸν φθάμενος ἔργον τελέσας οἶκόνδε νέεσθαι,
μή ποτέ σʼ οὐρανόθεν σκοτόεν νέφος ἀμφικαλύψῃ,
χρῶτα δὲ μυδαλέον θήῃ κατά θʼ εἵματα δεύσῃ.
ἀλλʼ ὑπαλεύασθαι· μεὶς γὰρ χαλεπώτατος οὗτος,
χειμέριος, χαλεπὸς προβάτοις, χαλεπὸς δʼ ἀνθρώποις.
Larry Benn has a B.A. in English Literature from Harvard College, an M.Phil in English Literature from Oxford University, and a J.D. from Yale Law School. Making amends for a working life misspent in finance, he’s now a hobbyist in ancient languages and blogs at featsofgreek.blogspot.com.
Homer, Il. 3.222-3
“Yet, then a great voice came from his chest And [Odysseus’] words were like snowy storms”
ἀλλ’ ὅτε δὴ ὄπα τε μεγάλην ἐκ στήθεος εἵη καὶ ἔπεα νιφάδεσσιν ἐοικότα χειμερίῃσιν,
Quintilian, 12.10.64-65
“Homer said that speech pours forth from Nestor’s lips sweeter than honey—no greater pleasure can be formed than this. But when he is about to demonstrate the greatest ability and power in Ulysses, he grants him a voice, the strength of speech “like a winter blizzard” in its force and abundance of words.
Because of this, no mortal will compete with him and men gaze at him as a god. This is the force and speed Eupolis admioes in Pericles, this force Aristophanes compares to thunderbotls. This is truly the power of speaking.”
et ex ore Nestoris dixit dulciorem melle profluere sermonem, qua certe delectatione nihil fingi maius potest: sed summam expressurus in Ulixe facundiam et magnitudinem illi vocis et vim orationis nivibus 〈hibernis〉 copia [verborum] atque impetu parem tribuit. Cum hoc igitur nemo mortalium contendet, hunc ut deum homines intuebuntur. Hanc vim et celeritatem in Pericle miratur Eupolis, hanc fulminibus Aristophanes comparat, haec est vere dicendi facultas.
Thucydides 4.103
“It was winter and it was snowing”
χειμὼν δὲ ἦν καὶ ὑπένειφεν…
Hermippus 37 (Athenaeus 650e)
“Have you ever seen a pomegranate seed in drifts of snow?”
ἤδη τεθέασαι κόκκον ἐν χιόνι ῥόας;
Pindar, Pythian 1. 20
“Snowy Aetna, perennial nurse of bitter snow”
νιφόεσσ᾿ Αἴτνα, πάνετες χιόνος ὀξείας τιθήνα
Plutarch, Moralia 340e
“Nations covered in depths of snow”
καὶ βάθεσι χιόνων κατακεχωσμένα ἔθνη
Herodotus, Histories 4.31
“Above this land, snow always falls…
τὰ κατύπερθε ταύτης τῆς χώρης αἰεὶ νίφεται
Diodorus Siculus, 14.28
“Because of the mass of snow that was constantly falling, all their weapons were covered and their bodies froze in the chill in the air. Thanks to the extremity of their troubles, they were sleepless through the whole night”
διὰ γὰρ τὸ πλῆθος τῆς κατὰ τὸ συνεχὲς ἐκχεομένης χιόνος τά τε ὅπλα πάντα συνεκαλύφθη καὶ τὰ σώματα διὰ τὸν ἀπὸ τῆς αἰθρίας πάγον περιεψύχετο. διὰ δὲ τὴν ὑπερβολὴν τῶν κακῶν ὅλην τὴν νύκτα διηγρύπνουν·
Ammianus Marcellinus, History V. V. Gratianus 27.9
“He will tolerate sun and snow, frost and thirst, and long watches.”
solem nivesque et pruinas et sitim perferet et vigilias
Basil, Letter 48
“We have been snowed in by such a volume of snow that we have been buried in our own homes and taking shelter in our holes for two months already”
καὶ γὰρ τοσούτῳ πλήθει χιόνων κατενίφημεν, ὡς αὐτοῖς οἴκοις καταχωσθέντας δύο μῆνας ἤδη ταῖς καταδύσεσιν ἐμφωλεύειν.
Livy, 10.46
“The snow now covered everything and it was no longer possible to stay outside…”
Nives iam omnia oppleverant nec durari extra tecta poterat
Plautus, Stichus 648
“The day is melting like snow…”
quasi nix tabescit dies.
Seneca, De Beneficiis 4
“I will go to dinner just as I promised, even if it is cold. But I certainly will not if it begins to snow.”
Ad cenam, quia promisi, ibo, etiam si frigus erit; non quidem, si nives cadent.
Thucydides 4.103
“It was winter and it was snowing”
χειμὼν δὲ ἦν καὶ ὑπένειφεν…
Homer, Il. 3.222-3
“Yet, then a great voice came from his chest And [Odysseus’] words were like snowy storms”
ἀλλ’ ὅτε δὴ ὄπα τε μεγάλην ἐκ στήθεος εἵη καὶ ἔπεα νιφάδεσσιν ἐοικότα χειμερίῃσιν,
Hermippus 37 (Athenaeus 650e)
“Have you ever seen a pomegranate seed in drifts of snow?”
ἤδη τεθέασαι κόκκον ἐν χιόνι ῥόας;
Pindar, Pythian 1. 20
“Snowy Aetna, perennial nurse of bitter snow”
νιφόεσσ᾿ Αἴτνα, πάνετες χιόνος ὀξείας τιθήνα
Plutarch, Moralia 340e
“Nations covered in depths of snow”
καὶ βάθεσι χιόνων κατακεχωσμένα ἔθνη
Herodotus, Histories 4.31
“Above this land, snow always falls…
τὰ κατύπερθε ταύτης τῆς χώρης αἰεὶ νίφεται
Diodorus Siculus, 14.28
“Because of the mass of snow that was constantly falling, all their weapons were covered and their bodies froze in the chill in the air. Thanks to the extremity of their troubles, they were sleepless through the whole night”
διὰ γὰρ τὸ πλῆθος τῆς κατὰ τὸ συνεχὲς ἐκχεομένης χιόνος τά τε ὅπλα πάντα συνεκαλύφθη καὶ τὰ σώματα διὰ τὸν ἀπὸ τῆς αἰθρίας πάγον περιεψύχετο. διὰ δὲ τὴν ὑπερβολὴν τῶν κακῶν ὅλην τὴν νύκτα διηγρύπνουν·
Ammianus Marcellinus, History V. V. Gratianus 27.9
“He will tolerate sun and snow, frost and thirst, and long watches.”
solem nivesque et pruinas et sitim perferet et vigilias
Basil, Letter 48
“We have been snowed in by such a volume of snow that we have been buried in our own homes and taking shelter in our holes for two months already”
καὶ γὰρ τοσούτῳ πλήθει χιόνων κατενίφημεν, ὡς αὐτοῖς οἴκοις καταχωσθέντας δύο μῆνας ἤδη ταῖς καταδύσεσιν ἐμφωλεύειν.
Livy, 10.46
“The snow now covered everything and it was no longer possible to stay outside…”
Nives iam omnia oppleverant nec durari extra tecta poterat
Plautus, Stichus 648
“The day is melting like snow…”
quasi nix tabescit dies.
Seneca, De Beneficiis 4
“I will go to dinner just as I promised, even if it is cold. But I certainly will not if it begins to snow.”
Ad cenam, quia promisi, ibo, etiam si frigus erit; non quidem, si nives cadent.
Thucydides 4.103
“It was winter and it was snowing”
χειμὼν δὲ ἦν καὶ ὑπένειφεν…
Homer, Il. 3.222-3
“Yet, then a great voice came from his chest And [Odysseus’] words were like snowy storms”
ἀλλ’ ὅτε δὴ ὄπα τε μεγάλην ἐκ στήθεος εἵη καὶ ἔπεα νιφάδεσσιν ἐοικότα χειμερίῃσιν,
Hermippus 37 (Athenaeus 650e)
“Have you ever seen a pomegranate seed in drifts of snow?”
ἤδη τεθέασαι κόκκον ἐν χιόνι ῥόας;
Pindar, Pythian 1. 20
“Snowy Aetna, perennial nurse of bitter snow”
νιφόεσσ᾿ Αἴτνα, πάνετες χιόνος ὀξείας τιθήνα
Plutarch, Moralia 340e
“Nations covered in depths of snow”
καὶ βάθεσι χιόνων κατακεχωσμένα ἔθνη
Herodotus, Histories 4.31
“Above this land, snow always falls…
τὰ κατύπερθε ταύτης τῆς χώρης αἰεὶ νίφεται
Diodorus Siculus, 14.28
“Because of the mass of snow that was constantly falling, all their weapons were covered and their bodies froze in the chill in the air. Thanks to the extremity of their troubles, they were sleepless through the whole night”
διὰ γὰρ τὸ πλῆθος τῆς κατὰ τὸ συνεχὲς ἐκχεομένης χιόνος τά τε ὅπλα πάντα συνεκαλύφθη καὶ τὰ σώματα διὰ τὸν ἀπὸ τῆς αἰθρίας πάγον περιεψύχετο. διὰ δὲ τὴν ὑπερβολὴν τῶν κακῶν ὅλην τὴν νύκτα διηγρύπνουν·
Ammianus Marcellinus, History V. V. Gratianus 27.9
“He will tolerate sun and snow, frost and thirst, and long watches.”
solem nivesque et pruinas et sitim perferet et vigilias
Basil, Letter 48
“We have been snowed in by such a volume of snow that we have been buried in our own homes and taking shelter in our holes for two months already”
καὶ γὰρ τοσούτῳ πλήθει χιόνων κατενίφημεν, ὡς αὐτοῖς οἴκοις καταχωσθέντας δύο μῆνας ἤδη ταῖς καταδύσεσιν ἐμφωλεύειν.
Livy, 10.46
“The snow now covered everything and it was no longer possible to stay outside…”
Nives iam omnia oppleverant nec durari extra tecta poterat
Plautus, Stichus 648
“The day is melting like snow…”
quasi nix tabescit dies.
Seneca, De Beneficiis 4
“I will go to dinner just as I promised, even if it is cold. But I certainly will not if it begins to snow.”
Ad cenam, quia promisi, ibo, etiam si frigus erit; non quidem, si nives cadent.
ψυχή, ἡ: soul, life
ψύχωσις: life-giving/generating
ψυχοανακάλυπτος: soul-baring, revealing
ψυχοκλέπτης: soul-thief
ψυχοκτόνος:soul-killing
ψυχοπλανής: soul-wandering
ψυχοπότης: soul drinker (drinking of life, i.e. blood)
ψῦχος, τό: cold
ψυχρία: cold
ψυχοκρασία: growing cold
ψυχολογία: frigid talking
ψυχροποιός: making cold
ψυχροπότης: cold drinker (one who drinks cold water)
ψυχρόσαρκος: with cold flesh
