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After the Epic's End

Next Stages for Painful Signs

At some point last year, Sophia Efthimiatou reached out and started a conversation with me about moving my work at sententiaeantiquae.com to substack. I was interested in exploring the platform, partly because wordpress has changed some of their infrastructure in annoying ways, but also because I am an itinerant tinkerer, happier with starting things, perhaps, than imagining how to finish them.

I came up with the idea of working through the Iliad again for a few reasons. First, Emily Wilson’s new translation of the Iliad brought the epic more into public focus. Second, I found the discussion around the translation sadly divorced from Homeric scholarship and I wanted to create some sort of a resource for new readers interested in engaging in the epic more. And, third, I wanted a project to get back into the Iliad with a depth I had lost in my years away from the epic.

So working on this substack has allowed me to continue a few things I care about in a different context: sharing more of the depth of the past and scholarship about it to a broader community and using the practice of doing so to help me continue learning and expanding my own work. (I have long used blogging as a process for practice and continued learning and for developing projects.)

So the invitation to try out substack also came at time when I was finishing up a book project (more in a few weeks!) and was thinking about next projects. I had spent more than a decade working almost exclusively on the Iliad and then turned quite quickly to a project on the Odyssey that culminated in a book on that epic and modern psychology. I have worked on many Homer related projects, but not writing a book on the Iliad would always gnaw at met.

The breadth and depth of Homeric scholarship is pretty much unrivalled in the humanities. Not only are there numerous modern languages that continue to produce important and critical material about the poems, but the history of Homeric scholarship goes back to the original performance of the texts. To add to this, interdisciplinarity and the continued popularity of heroic myth has produced a staggeringly impressive variegation of commentary on Homer. The task of mere familiarity with scholarly trends is simultaneously Herculean and Sisyphean—so much so that my advisor in graduate school repeatedly told me to find something ‘new’ to write on because the bibliography is just too big.

Alas, I have rarely been one to take good advice. So I somehow made myself into a Homerist. But I spent the first part of my career writing articles to make up for my ignorance and weak spots. Once I spent nearly a decade away from reading all of the new and wonderful scholarship about the Iliad, I had to find a way to get back into it, all while doing the rest of my job.

Sosias (potter, signed). Painting attributed to the Sosias Painter (name piece for Beazley, overriding attribution) or the Kleophrades Painter (Robertson) or Euthymides (Ohly-Dumm)

So, moving forward, I am going to continue posting on the Iliad almost exclusively, focusing on three general areas: (1) highlighting and discussing new scholarship about the Iliad; (2) pursuing a series of themes as I re-read the Iliad in Greek (expressions/reflections/implications of trauma; notions of agency and determinism; hints about performance and reception; ways of thinking about the reception of Homer by diverse audiences); (3) other issues of texts/transmission/and commentary that occur to me.

Areas 2 and 3 are those that have long motivated my online work, but 1 (promoting other people’s scholarship) is something that I came to while working through the substack posts. One of my fundamental frustrations with scholarship is the lack of correlation between the intensity of the labor and the impact our work has. So much Classical scholarship is only read by people who are writing on the same topic in order to publish an article only a handful of people will really read. So much of our work is really good and can enrich the way people understand the past—but it just doesn’t reach a larger audience. So what I hope to do is to discuss an article or book every week to show why it matters and what benefit it offers. (And not in a book review kind of way: I have no intention of criticizing scholarship and will avoid negative comments—I have thrown enough scholarly shade in my day and need to make some amends).

So, starting next week, this substack will continue in these directions. And who knows where it will end.

Here are the 78 posts on the Iliad.

Preparatory Posts

Reading and Teaching Homer

Five Major Themes to Follow in the Iliad

Book-by-book

Book 1

The Politics of Rage: Introduction to Iliad 1

The Plan: Zeus’ Plan in the Iliad

Prophet of Evils: Reading Iphigenia in and out of the Iliad

Speaking of Centaurs: Paradigmatic Problems in book 1

Book 2

From Politics to Poetics: Repairing Achaean Politics in Book 2 of the Iliad

Thersites’ Body: Description, Characterization, and Physiognomy in book 2

Book 3

(Re-)Starting the Trojan War: Iliad 3 and Helen as Our Guide

Heroic Appearances: What Did Helen Look Like?

Suffering So Long for this Woman!: Various Ancient Attitudes towards Helen

Book 4

Backing Up the Future: Characterization and Rivalry in Iliad 4

Better than our Fathers!: Theban Epic Fragments and the Homeric Iliad

Long Ago, Far Away: The Iliad and the So-Called Epic Cycle After the Canon

Book 5

Seeing (and Wounding) the Gods: Reading Iliad 5

All About Athena: Some additional texts for book 5

Two Ways to Decline Zeus: Paradigm, Text, and Story in Iliad 5

Book 6

Structure and Stories: Reading Iliad 6

War Crimes: Iliad 6, Infanticide, and the Mykonos Vase

Mind Reading and Stolen Wits: The Encounter of Diomedes and Glaukos in Iliad 6

Book 7

Divine Plots and Human Plans: Reading Iliad 7

Erasing the Past: The Achaean Wall and Homeric Fame

Give Helen Back!: Trojan Politics in Book 7 of the Iliad

Book 8

Tyranny and the Plot: Introducing Iliad 8

Stranded in Iliad 8 with Nestor and Diomedes: On Reading the Iliad and Neoanalysis

Wishing the Impossible: Hektor in Iliad 8

Book 9

Life, Death, and all the Words Between: Iliad 9 and the Language of Achilles

Two Is Company!: The Duals of Iliad 9 and Homeric Interpretation

Achilles Sings the Hero Within: Stories and Narrative Blends in Iliad 9

Book 10

Night Raids and Gimmick Episodes: Learning to Love Iliad 10

Homeric Redshirts and Iliad 10: Introducing Dolon

Dolon and Achilles; Dolon AS Achilles: Politics and Iliad 10

Book 11

Time, Feet, and Serious Wounds: Starting to Read Iliad 11

The Beginning of His Trouble: Characterizing Achilles in Iliad 11

Insidious Inception?: Nestor’s Speech to Patroklos in Iliad 11

Book 12

Looking Up and Out: Starting to Read Iliad 12

Why Must We Fight and Die?: Reading Sarpedon’s Speech to Glaukos in Iliad 12

Scarcity and the Iliad: Thinking about Similes in Book 12

Book 13

The Iliad‘s Longest Day: Starting to Make Sense of Book 13

Epic Narratives and their Local Sidekicks: On Cretans in Iliad 13

A Heroic Tale Curtailed: Homeric Digressions and Iliad 13

Book 14

What A Dangerous Thing to Say!: Politics and Absurdity in Iliad 14

Where Did Homeric Book Divisions Come From?: Thinking about the thematic Unity of book 14

Falling Asleep after Sex and Other Cosmic Problems: The Seduction of Zeus in Iliad 14

Book 15

Zeus and ‘Righting’ the Divine Constitution: An Introduction to Reading Iliad 15

Brothers, Sisters, Wives, and Divine (Dis)Order: Setting things Straight in Iliad 15

The Powerful Mind of Zeus: Revitalizing Hektor and the Iliad‘s Plot

Book 16

There’s Plenty of Crying in Epic: Introducing Book 16

Even Zeus Suffers: The Death of Sarpedon and the Beginning of Universal Human Rights

Merely the Third To Kill Me: Hektor, Patroklos, and the End of Iliad 16

Book 17

Rescuing the Bod(ies): Thinking about the Epic Cycle, Neoanalysis, and Introducing Iliad17

A Doublet Disposed: Time Travel Paradoxes and the Death of Euphorbus

Always Second Best (Or Worst): Characterizing Hektor in Iliad 17

Book 18

Things to Do in Ilium When You’re Dead: Introducing Iliad 18.

The Personal Political: Hektor, Polydamas, and Trojan Politics in Iliad 18

The Power to Control the World: Achilles’ Shield and Homeric Ekphrasis

Book 19

People Are Going to Tell Our Story: Introducing Iliad 19

Dead and Gentle Forever: Briseis’ Lament for Patroklos in Iliad 19

That Other Me: Achilles’ Lament for Patroklos in Iliad 19

Book 20

Concerns For Those About To Die: Introducing Iliad 20

Spears and Stones will Break Your Bones But Words Will Always Shape You: Aeneas’ Speech to Achilles in Iliad 20

The Gamemaster’s Anger and Fear: Homeric Contrafactuals and Rescuing Aeneas

Book 21

What Do You Do With a Problem Like Achilles?: Introducing Iliad 21

You’re Gonna Die Too, Friend: Achilles’ Speech to Lykaon in Iliad 21

They’re Just Not That Into Us: On Mortals and Gods in Iliad 21

Book 22

Hektor’s Body and the Burden: Introducing Iliad 22

Laying My Burdens Down: Hektor Sweet-talks Achilles in Iliad 22

A New Widow and Her Orphan: Andromache’s Lament for Hektor in Iliad 22

Book 23

That Mare is Mine!: Introducing Iliad 23

Rage Won’t Raise the Dead: The Ghost of Patroklos in Iliad 23

Achilles’ Wicked Deeds: Framing Human Sacrifice in Iliad 23

Book 24

Disfiguring the Fallow Earth: Introducing Iliad 24

“As If He Were Going to His Death”: Priam and Katabasis in Iliad 24

“Blow Up Your TV”: Thetis, Achilles, and Life and Death in Iliad 24

Priam And Achilles, Pity and Fear: A ‘tragic’ end to Homer’s Iliad

Starving Then Stoned: Achilles’ Story of Niobe in Iliad 24

“Better off Dead”: Helen’s Lament for Hektor in Iliad 24

The Burial of Horse-Taming Hektor: Ending the Iliad

Rhapsode singing: c 490 BCE, attributed to the Berlin painter MET
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